Considering, the availability of all types of Biomass resources in Iran, Power Ministry did a research to evaluate the potential to use biomass for renewable energy. This research was done in 1976 and conclusions are as follows:

1- Quantity of accessible Animal Waste in Iran is 74946000 ton; Biogas could be produced by this amount is 8668 MillionM3 and energy equivalent this biogas is 193299TJ. (TJ=1012 J)

2- Quantity of accessible Urban Waste in Iran is 10605000 ton: Biogas could be produced by this amount is 1645.7 MillionM3.

3- Quantity of accessible Biogas from Urban Waste Water in Iran is 98.855 M3/day. (Waste Water specifications are: 160 Litter per capita per day and BOD per capita is 33-40 gr/d.c)

4- Quantity of accessible Methane from Industrial Waste Water in Iran is 167664199 M3/year. Energy equivalent this quantity is 6153TJ per year. ( This Waste Water is from Big Food Industry in Iran.)

5-Total gross energy potential from Agricultural and Wood Waste is 411.896 PJ from 3285.50 Million M3 Methane and 33943344 M3 Ethanol which could be produced.


Case Study on Use of biomass for renewable energy

We analyze two case studies here: Mashhad Landfill Power Plant and Saveh Biogas Plant.

Design and Implementation of the First Landfill-Gas Power Genration Unit in
Mashhad (Iran)
Summary:
The first Landfill-Gas (LFG) power generation project was initiated in Mashhad, the second largest city in Iran, through a memorandum of understanding between “Renewable energy Organization of Iran (SUNA)” and “Waste Recycling and Processing Organization of Mashhad Municipality (WRPO)”. Based on the mentioned memorandum, SUNA took the responsibility of preparing technical investigations and tender documents and follow-up the electricity purchase contract between Mashhad LFG power plant and Ministry of Energy. Investment for power plant and commissioning was accepted by WRPO. Feasibility studies, conceptual design and tender documents preparation were consequently allocated to Renewable Energy Department of NRI.
The first phase of this project, included design criteria for engineering landfills and gas extraction systems and transmission lines, introduction to energy conversion and power generation technologies for LFG, field investigations and measurement methods and monitoring of LFG. The next phase was feasibility study for installation of power generation unit in Mashhad Landfill, in which, estimation of landfill gas theoretical yield for Mashhad municipal solid wastes, LFG generation modeling and gas flow prediction for long term periods, evaluation of confident power capacity for
Mashhad Landfill, technical assessment of power generation equipments for LFG and introduction of more appropriate commercial generating sets for utilization of LFG in Mashhad Landfill, were performed. In the third phase, economical studies, three alternatives were selected on the base of feasibility study results. These alternatives were assessed as economical aspects and finally, installation of generating sets near the guard room of Mashhad Landfill, which is located near to irrigation station and a 20kV line, was selected as the most useful option for utilization of the whole gas which can be collected through the existing gas extraction systems. The generated electricity in this unit will be sold to power network at an average price of 616 Rls. per kWh.
The phase of conceptual design included: pipeline design for LFG transmission to central gas station, gas blower station, gas treatment process, foundation and structure of generating house, power generation unit arrangement and grid interconnection system plus protection and confidential instruments. Technical characteristics and tender documents were consequently prepared on conclusions. The contract for construction and start-up of Mashhad Landfill power generation unit will be as an Engineering Procurement Construction (EPC) contract.
Project Results:
- Pipeline and collection systems were designed on the basis of 13 years useful operation period of a biogas fueled generating set, and LFG generation modeling results, for average gas flow rate of 550 Nm3/h and maximum gas flow rate equal to 660 Nm3/h. A minimum power capacity of 435 kWe is expected to be achievable until the end of 2018 by existing gas extraction systems.
- The power capacity can be increased to at least 715 kWe if Mashhad
Municipality develop the gas extraction systems to recent buried layers of solid wastes which are dumped in period of 2004-2006.
- Generating sets with LFG fueled internal combustion engines are the best option for Mashhad Landfill , furthermore, a list of qualified manufacturers of these equipments, has been presented in the project documents.
- Economical assessment results showed the best alternative is the installation of power generating unit in near of Landfill irrigation station.
A case study with capacity of 400 kWe (due to capacity of commercial models) will have the generation cost of electricity relevant to discount rates of 8%, 12% , 16% and 20% equal to: 293, 320, 350 and 382 Rials per kWh, respectively.
- LFG power plant interconnection with regional power grid is feasible through the existing 20kV line in Mashhad Landfill. Electrical circuit drawing and single-line diagram for connection to 20kV network were obtained and presented in project documents.

Reporter : mehdi akbarsefat

َApproved by : Story Id 28

Create date : 19 Dec 2007 15:03

Id : 737

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